Science

**Science Fair Marking Term 2 2011** ☒ Not achieved ☑ Achieved ☑☑ Advanced

**Scientific Process and Background:** ☑☑ Clear aim/hypothesis carried through ☑☑ Method, accurate experimentation ☑ Accurate experimentation, controls, variables, repetitions ☑☑ Results clear, accurate, include appropriate data ☑ Conclusions are in line with aim/hypothesis ☒Results are interpreted and discussed (conclusion)

**Technical Skill:** ☑☑ Design of the experiment ☑☑ Use of apparatus and materials

**Originality:** ☑ Imaginative/creative ideas ☑ New/Unusual application in science

**Presentation of Display:** ☑☑ Colour/form/clarity/graphics ☑ Innovative appeal

**Log Book:** ☑Authentic ongoing record with raw data included ☒ Has supporting documentation, bibliography, acknowledgements

**Teacher Comment: You have chosen an effective name here Jenna. I would have liked to see a conclusion of your science fair that included an explanation of why the worms lived/died. This would have helped your understanding of why and how different detergents etc effect the environment and what lives in the environment. Great presentation I loved the link between the colour theme and the actual experiment. Well done.**

**Student Comment:**

__**S**____**cience Fair!**__ __**Topic: Organic/Green Detergents Vs Ordinary Detergents.**__

__**Materials:**__ We decided to test dishwashing liquids, therefore we went with two of each type of detergent. For the Organic side we chose Green Works and Down To Earth, as for the Ordinary side we’ve chosen Cussons Morning Fresh and Home Brand dishwashing liquids.
 * Green Works Dishwashing Liquid.
 * Down To Earth Dishwashing Liquid.
 * Cussons Morning Fresh Dishwashing Liquid.
 * Home Brand Dishwashing Liquid.
 * tooth Picks.
 * styrofoam cups.
 * worms.
 * newspaper.
 * cutlery.
 * sink/ washing water.
 * potting soil.
 * a wooden plank/something to put on the top of the cups.

__**Aim:**__ To find out which detergent is more environmentally friendly and to see if natural-organic detergents are actually organic/green.

__**Hypotheses:**__ I think that Ordinary detergents will have a harsher effect on the environment than Organic detergents. I think that most Organic detergent’s contents are not all fully Organic because some brands may try to save money by false-advertising.

__**Is Organic Really That Organic?**__ __**Method:**__
 * 1) Poke several holes with a toothpick in the bottom of 13 empty Styrofoam cups.
 * 2) Label the cups with the name of the detergent, the date, and the percentage of the mixture.
 * 3) Put 100 gram’s (g) of potting soil into each cup.
 * 4) Add 1 mL detergent to 99 mLs water to get a 1% mixture.
 * 5) Add 10 mLs detergent to 90 mLs water to get a 10% mixture.
 * 6) Add 20 mLs detergent to 80 mLs water to get a 20% mixture.
 * 7) Mix the 50 mLs of each mixture into the soil of a separate cup with a clean spoon.
 * 8) Put four worms in each of the cups.
 * 9) Cover the cups with aluminum foil and store them in a cool area, away from direct sunlight or hot air from a heater for five days.
 * 10) Make sure you put something heavy (eg. a plank) on top of the cups to stop the worms from escaping.
 * 11) Pour the contents of the cup onto a surface covered with newspaper.
 * 12) See how many worms are dead or alive.
 * 13) Make a record of this and compare each batch, if one batch has more dead worms than the other it means that they have a higher chemical-content and are not as safe and organic as they claim to be.

The Table below gives the amount of detergent in 100 mLs of mixture, for three different strengths.
 * **Home Brand** || **Morning Fresh** || **Green Works** || **Down To Earth** ||
 * 1mL-1% || 1mL-1% || 1mL-1% || 1mL-1% ||
 * 10mL- 10% || 10mL- 10% || 10mL- 10% || 10mL- 10% ||
 * 20mL- 20% || 20mL- 20% || 20mL- 20% || 20mL- 20% ||

__**Results For Worms:**__ Within the first few minutes of being in the Morning Fresh 20%cup of soil, the worms instantly disliked it and decided to escape! Luckily we were watching them and saw them try to leave- but we got them just in time. Some worms also tried to escape in the Green Works 20% cup of soil as well- thats not good!


 * **Detergent** || **Alive** || **Dead** ||
 * Control || 4 || 0 ||
 * Green Works (GW) 1% || 4 || 0 ||
 * Green Works (GW) 10% || 0 || 4 ||
 * Green Works (GW) 20% || 0 || 4 ||
 * Home Brand (HM) 1% || 4 || 0 ||
 * Home Brand (HM) 10% || 0 || 4 ||
 * Home Brand (HM) 20% || 0 || 4 ||
 * Morning Fresh (MF) 1% || 4 || 0 ||
 * Morning Fresh (MF) 10% || 0 || 4 ||
 * Morning Fresh (MF) 20% || 0 || 4 ||
 * Down To Earth (DTE) 1% || 4 || 0 ||
 * Down To Earth (DTE) 10% || 4 || 0 ||
 * Down To Earth (DTE) 20% || 0 || 4 ||

Judging by this table you can see that the similarities between the four detergents are quite clear, all of the 1% cups have 4 alive worms and 0 dead- however- it is not the same story with the 10% and 20% cups. The majority of the 10% and 20% had a complete total of 4 worms dead, yet once again, a different result has appeared with Down To Earth (DTE) 10%. When you open any of the cups you can tell if the worms are dead or alive just by looking at the top of the soil, you can see that if there are no worms on the top they are probably alive, but if there are worms on the top then they probably dead, therefore we were quite shocked at the sight of no worms on the top once we’d opened the Down To Earth 10%, it was a brilliant discovery when we realized that the worms were, in fact, alive! So judging by that result we can clearly see that Down to Earth is the most environmentally-friendly of the lot!

Something else that is very noticeable is the colouring of the worms, most of the alive worms are more of a Dark-Red type of colour, whereas the dead worms are a light-Cream colour(very pale), as well as the fact that most of the dead worms have turned mouldy.

T __hursday 5th May__ =__ Science-Watch As Primary Colours Mix! __= Today we observed primary colours mixing! Our result was light purple.



__ Monday 2nd May. __ __Science-Experience Gravity Free Water.__ When we did this experiment, our results changed every time, from failing to working (but only for 10 seconds). You will need:
 * A glass filled to the very top with water.
 * A piece of card board.

**Instructions:**  
 * 1) Put the cardboard over the mouth of the glass, making sure that no air bubbles enter the glass as you hold onto the cardboard.


 * 1) Turn the glass upside down (over a sink or outside until you get good).
 * 2) Take away your hand holding the cardboard.

**What's happening?** If all goes to plan then the cardboard and water should stay put. Even though the cup of water is upside down the water stays in place, defying gravity! So why is this happening? With no air inside the glass, the air pressure from outside the glass is greater than the pressure of the water inside the glass. The extra air pressure manages to hold the cardboard in place, keeping you dry and your water where it should be, inside the glass.

**Our Results:** ** Our first try ended up in disaster but when we watched another group do it we re-tryed and got it right! Our second try ended up holding for 10 seconds! ** ** I chose yellow because at first it was annoying because we didn't have the right materials and couldn't get it right, but then we did. **

Science Fair Due Friday 3 June Week 5 = = = __ Science Fair __ =

Please have a close read of the following site that Mr Marsh has put together. @http://ourspace.tauranga-int.school.nz/course/view.php?id=64

[|ScienceFairBooklet.pdf]
 * [[image:http://c1.wikicdn.com/i/mime/32/application/pdf.png height="32" caption="external image pdf.png" link="http://rimuroom42.wikispaces.com/file/view/ScienceFairBooklet.pdf"]] ||
 * external image pdf.png ||

Useful Science sites for ideas: @http://www.sciencebuddies.org/ @http://www.all-science-fair-projects.com/

Cool Science Sites <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 18px; padding-right: 10px;">@http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/

====<span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 18px; padding-right: 10px;">Please Note:  ==== ====<span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 1.066em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size: 18px; padding-right: 10px;">This table is different from the one outlined in the above Science Fair booklet. There will be__**no extensions**__ given, Class time will be given for writing up aim, hypothesis, instructions, explanations, diagrams, tables etc and putting displays together. Parents please support your child with carrying out their experiments as this will be the main element of their homework during Science Fair. ====


 * ||  || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;">**Order of Events** ||   || <span style="display: block; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;">**Timeline** ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">1 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Choose a topic including is it a //Science or Technology// display ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 1 ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">2 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Completed Aim and Hypothesis (science) or Question (technology) ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 2 ||

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"><span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //What do you need?// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //Who do you use?How many?// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //What help do you require?// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //How will you measure and collect data?// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //How many trials/experiments/prototypes will// //you complete?// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //How will you present data? Numbers are good!// <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Webdings; letter-spacing: 0px;"> //Do you need to complete a Animal Ethics form?// ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 2 ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">3 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Planned how you are going to complete experiments (science) or investigation of needs assessment and prototype design (technology)


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">4 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Start experiments (science) or needs assessment (technology) ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 3 ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">5 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Needs assessment (technology) completed ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 3/4 ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">6 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Experiments (science) and prototype testing (technology) completed ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 3/4 ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">7 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">First draft completed ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 4/5 ||


 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">8 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">All written work, diagrams, tables, graphs, photos, and other graphics completed and checked by the class teacher**BEFORE** it is attached to the display ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Week 5 ||

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 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">9 ||  || <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Completed display ready to be marked by teacher** ||   || <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin: 0px;">Monday Week 6 ||

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